CVE-2025-38449
Unknown Unknown - Not Provided
BaseFortify

Publication date: 2025-07-25

Last updated on: 2025-11-19

Assigner: kernel.org

Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/gem: Acquire references on GEM handles for framebuffers A GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is attached to a DRM framebuffer. This leads to the release of the dma-buf backing the buffer object, if any. [1] Trying to use the framebuffer in further mode-setting operations leads to a segmentation fault. Most easily happens with driver that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf during a page flip. An example is shown below. [ 156.791968] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 156.796830] WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 2255 at drivers/dma-buf/dma-buf.c:1527 dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [...] [ 156.942028] RIP: 0010:dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.043420] Call Trace: [ 157.045898] <TASK> [ 157.048030] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0 [ 157.052436] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0 [ 157.056836] ? show_trace_log_lvl+0x1af/0x2c0 [ 157.061253] ? drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710 [ 157.065567] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.069446] ? __warn.cold+0x58/0xe4 [ 157.073061] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.077111] ? report_bug+0x1dd/0x390 [ 157.080842] ? handle_bug+0x5e/0xa0 [ 157.084389] ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50 [ 157.088291] ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20 [ 157.092548] ? dma_buf_vmap+0x224/0x430 [ 157.096663] ? dma_resv_get_singleton+0x6d/0x230 [ 157.101341] ? __pfx_dma_buf_vmap+0x10/0x10 [ 157.105588] ? __pfx_dma_resv_get_singleton+0x10/0x10 [ 157.110697] drm_gem_shmem_vmap+0x74/0x710 [ 157.114866] drm_gem_vmap+0xa9/0x1b0 [ 157.118763] drm_gem_vmap_unlocked+0x46/0xa0 [ 157.123086] drm_gem_fb_vmap+0xab/0x300 [ 157.126979] drm_atomic_helper_prepare_planes.part.0+0x487/0xb10 [ 157.133032] ? lockdep_init_map_type+0x19d/0x880 [ 157.137701] drm_atomic_helper_commit+0x13d/0x2e0 [ 157.142671] ? drm_atomic_nonblocking_commit+0xa0/0x180 [ 157.147988] drm_mode_atomic_ioctl+0x766/0xe40 [...] [ 157.346424] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Acquiring GEM handles for the framebuffer's GEM buffer objects prevents this from happening. The framebuffer's cleanup later puts the handle references. Commit 1a148af06000 ("drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object instance") triggers the segmentation fault easily by using the dma-buf field more widely. The underlying issue with reference counting has been present before. v2: - acquire the handle instead of the BO (Christian) - fix comment style (Christian) - drop the Fixes tag (Christian) - rename err_ gotos - add missing Link tag
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Meta Information
Published
2025-07-25
Last Modified
2025-11-19
Generated
2026-05-07
AI Q&A
2025-07-25
EPSS Evaluated
2026-05-05
NVD
Affected Vendors & Products
Showing 7 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
linux linux_kernel 6.16
linux linux_kernel 6.16
linux linux_kernel 6.16
linux linux_kernel 6.16
linux linux_kernel From 5.15.160 (inc) to 5.16 (inc)
linux linux_kernel From 5.15.160 (inc) to 5.16 (inc)
linux linux_kernel From 5.15.160 (inc) to 5.16 (inc)
Helpful Resources
Exploitability
CWE
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KEV
KEV Icon
CWE ID Description
CWE-416 The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
Attack-Flow Graph
AI Powered Q&A
Can you explain this vulnerability to me?

This vulnerability occurs in the Linux kernel's DRM (Direct Rendering Manager) subsystem, specifically related to GEM (Graphics Execution Manager) handles for framebuffers. A GEM handle can be released while the GEM buffer object is still attached to a DRM framebuffer, which leads to the release of the dma-buf backing the buffer object. If the framebuffer is then used in further mode-setting operations, it causes a segmentation fault (crash). This typically happens with drivers that use shadow planes for vmap-ing the dma-buf during a page flip. The fix involves acquiring references on GEM handles for framebuffers to prevent premature release and subsequent crashes.


How can this vulnerability impact me? :

This vulnerability can cause the Linux kernel to crash with a segmentation fault when using certain graphics drivers and operations involving framebuffers. This can lead to system instability, unexpected reboots, or denial of service in environments relying on graphics rendering, potentially disrupting normal operations or user experience.


How can this vulnerability be detected on my network or system? Can you suggest some commands?

This vulnerability can be detected by monitoring the system logs for kernel warnings or segmentation faults related to dma_buf and GEM framebuffer operations. Specifically, look for kernel log messages similar to the following pattern indicating a dma_buf_vmap warning or segmentation fault: Use the command: sudo dmesg | grep -i 'dma_buf_vmap\|drm_gem_fb_vmap\|segmentation fault' This will help identify if the system has encountered the issue described in the vulnerability.


What immediate steps should I take to mitigate this vulnerability?

Immediate mitigation involves updating the Linux kernel to a version where this vulnerability is fixed. The fix involves acquiring references on GEM handles for framebuffers to prevent premature release of dma-buf backing buffer objects. Applying the patch or upgrading to a kernel version that includes the commit "drm/gem-shmem: Use dma_buf from GEM object instance" (commit 1a148af06000) will resolve the issue. Until then, avoid workloads or drivers that trigger the use of shadow planes for vmap-ing dma-buf during page flips if possible.


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