CVE-2025-58057
Unknown Unknown - Not Provided
BaseFortify

Publication date: 2025-09-04

Last updated on: 2025-09-08

Assigner: GitHub, Inc.

Description
Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In netty-codec-compression versions 4.1.124.Final and below, and netty-codec versions 4.2.4.Final and below, when supplied with specially crafted input, BrotliDecoder and certain other decompression decoders will allocate a large number of reachable byte buffers, which can lead to denial of service. BrotliDecoder.decompress has no limit in how often it calls pull, decompressing data 64K bytes at a time. The buffers are saved in the output list, and remain reachable until OOM is hit. This is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final of netty-codec and 4.2.5.Final of netty-codec-compression.
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Meta Information
Published
2025-09-04
Last Modified
2025-09-08
Generated
2026-06-16
AI Q&A
2025-09-04
EPSS Evaluated
2026-06-15
NVD
CVE-2025-58057
Affected Vendors & Products
Showing 2 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
netty netty to 4.1.125 (exc)
netty netty From 4.2.0 (inc) to 4.2.5 (exc)
Helpful Resources
Exploitability
CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-409 The product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output.
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Executive Summary

This vulnerability exists in certain versions of Netty's codec and codec-compression libraries where the BrotliDecoder and some other decompression decoders, when given specially crafted input, allocate a large number of byte buffers without limits. This happens because BrotliDecoder.decompress repeatedly calls pull to decompress data in 64K chunks, saving these buffers in an output list that remains reachable, potentially leading to excessive memory use and eventually causing a denial of service due to out-of-memory conditions.

Impact Analysis

The vulnerability can lead to a denial of service (DoS) condition by exhausting system memory. An attacker can supply specially crafted input that causes the application using the affected Netty versions to allocate excessive memory buffers, which remain reachable and are not freed, eventually causing the application to run out of memory and crash or become unresponsive.

Mitigation Strategies

Upgrade netty-codec-compression to version 4.1.125.Final or higher and netty-codec to version 4.2.5.Final or higher to apply the fix that prevents excessive buffer allocation and denial of service.

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