CVE-2025-12241
Unknown Unknown - Not Provided
BaseFortify

Publication date: 2025-10-27

Last updated on: 2025-10-28

Assigner: VulDB

Description
A vulnerability was detected in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024. This impacts the function setLanguageCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component POST Parameter Handler. The manipulation of the argument lang results in stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.
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Meta Information
Published
2025-10-27
Last Modified
2025-10-28
Generated
2026-06-16
AI Q&A
2025-10-27
EPSS Evaluated
2026-06-15
NVD
CVE-2025-12241
EUVD
EUVD-2025-36127
Affected Vendors & Products
Showing 2 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
totolink a3300r_firmware 17.0.0cu.557_b20221024
totolink a3300r *
Helpful Resources
Exploitability
CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-119 The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
CWE-121 A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
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Executive Summary

This vulnerability is a stack-based buffer overflow in the TOTOLINK A3300R router firmware version 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024. It occurs in the setLanguageCfg function within the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi file, specifically in the handling of the 'lang' POST parameter. Improper validation of this parameter allows an attacker to overflow the stack, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or denial of service. The attack can be launched remotely without authentication, making it highly severe. [1, 3]

Impact Analysis

Exploitation of this vulnerability can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected device. An attacker could execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service remotely, potentially taking control of the router or disrupting its normal operation. [1, 3]

Detection Guidance

This vulnerability can be detected by monitoring or testing the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint for abnormal behavior when sending POST requests with the 'lang' parameter. A practical detection method is to send crafted POST requests to the /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint with various 'lang' parameter values to check for crashes or unexpected responses indicating a buffer overflow. For example, using curl to send a POST request: curl -X POST http://<router-ip>/cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi -d "lang=<payload>" where <payload> is a string designed to test buffer overflow (e.g., a very long string). Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) can also be configured to detect unusual POST requests to this endpoint with suspicious 'lang' parameter values. However, no specific detection commands or signatures are provided in the resources. [1, 3]

Mitigation Strategies

Immediate mitigation steps include replacing the affected TOTOLINK A3300R router firmware version 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 with a patched or alternative product, as no known mitigations or patches are currently available. Additionally, restricting remote access to the router's web interface, especially blocking access to /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi, can reduce exposure. Disabling remote management or limiting it to trusted networks may also help mitigate risk until a fix is available. [3]

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