CVE-2025-6950
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Vulnerability report for CVE-2025-6950, including description, CVSS score, EPSS score, affected products, exploitability, helpful resources, and attack-flow context.

Publication date: 2025-10-17

Last updated on: 2025-10-21

Assigner: Moxa Inc.

Description

An Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability has been identified in Moxa’s network security appliances and routers. The system employs a hard-coded secret key to sign JSON Web Tokens (JWT) used for authentication. This insecure implementation allows an unauthenticated attacker to forge valid tokens, thereby bypassing authentication controls and impersonating any user. Exploitation of this vulnerability can result in complete system compromise, enabling unauthorized access, data theft, and full administrative control over the affected device. While successful exploitation can severely impact the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected device itself, there is no loss of confidentiality or integrity within any subsequent systems.

CVSS Scores

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Meta Information

Published
2025-10-17
Last Modified
2025-10-21
Generated
2026-07-06
AI Q&A
2025-10-17
EPSS Evaluated
2026-07-05
NVD
EUVD

Affected Vendors & Products

Showing 9 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
moxa edr-g9010 *
moxa edr-8010 *
moxa oncell_g4302-lte4 *
moxa nat-102 *
moxa router *
moxa network_security_appliance *
moxa nat-108 *
moxa edf-g1002-bp *
moxa tn-4900 *

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-798 The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

Attack-Flow Graph

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Executive Summary

This vulnerability involves the use of hard-coded credentials in Moxa's network security appliances and routers. Specifically, a hard-coded secret key is used to sign JSON Web Tokens (JWT) for authentication. Because the key is hard-coded and not securely managed, an unauthenticated attacker can forge valid tokens, bypass authentication controls, and impersonate any user on the device.

Impact Analysis

Exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to complete system compromise. An attacker can gain unauthorized access, steal data, and obtain full administrative control over the affected device. This severely impacts the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device itself.

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