CVE-2025-65951
Unknown Unknown - Not Provided
BaseFortify

Publication date: 2025-11-25

Last updated on: 2025-11-25

Assigner: GitHub, Inc.

Description
Inside Track / Entropy Derby is a research-grade horse-racing betting engine. Prior to commit 2d38d2f, the VDF-based timelock encryption system fails to enforce sequential delay against the betting operator. Bettors pre-compute the entire Wesolowski VDF and include vdfOutputHex in their encrypted bet ticket, allowing the house to decrypt immediately using fast proof verification instead of expensive VDF evaluation. This issue has been patched via commit 2d38d2f.
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Meta Information
Published
2025-11-25
Last Modified
2025-11-25
Generated
2026-06-16
AI Q&A
2025-11-25
EPSS Evaluated
2026-06-15
NVD
CVE-2025-65951
EUVD
EUVD-2025-199528
Affected Vendors & Products
Showing 1 associated CPE
Vendor Product Version / Range
entropy_derby inside_track 3.1
Helpful Resources
Exploitability
CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-200 The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information.
CWE-327 The product uses a broken or risky cryptographic algorithm or protocol.
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Executive Summary

This vulnerability exists in the Inside Track / Entropy Derby horse-racing betting engine's VDF-based timelock encryption system. Before a specific patch (commit 2d38d2f), the system failed to enforce a sequential delay for the betting operator. Bettors could pre-compute the entire Wesolowski Verifiable Delay Function (VDF) and include its output in their encrypted bet tickets. This allowed the house to decrypt bets immediately by using fast proof verification instead of performing the intended expensive VDF evaluation, bypassing the intended delay mechanism.

Impact Analysis

This vulnerability can impact you by allowing the betting operator (the house) to decrypt bet tickets immediately rather than after the intended delay. This breaks the fairness and security model of the betting system, potentially enabling the operator to gain an unfair advantage by accessing bet information prematurely, which could affect betting outcomes and trust in the system.

Mitigation Strategies

Apply the patch that includes commit 2d38d2f, which fixes the VDF-based timelock encryption system to properly enforce sequential delay and prevent bettors from pre-computing the Wesolowski VDF output. This patch addresses the vulnerability by ensuring the house cannot decrypt bets immediately using fast proof verification.

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