CVE-2025-9408
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Vulnerability report for CVE-2025-9408, including description, CVSS score, EPSS score, affected products, exploitability, helpful resources, and attack-flow context.

Publication date: 2025-11-11

Last updated on: 2025-11-11

Assigner: Zephyr Project

Description

System call entry on Cortex M (and possibly R and A, but I think not) has a race which allows very practical privilege escalation for malicious userspace processes.

CVSS Scores

EPSS Scores

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Meta Information

Published
2025-11-11
Last Modified
2025-11-11
Generated
2026-07-06
AI Q&A
2025-11-11
EPSS Evaluated
2026-07-05
NVD

Affected Vendors & Products

Showing 1 associated CPE
Vendor Product Version / Range
zephyrproject zephyr *

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-270 The product does not properly manage privileges while it is switching between different contexts that have different privileges or spheres of control.

Attack-Flow Graph

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Executive Summary

This vulnerability is a race condition in the system call entry on Cortex M processors (and possibly Cortex R and A). It allows malicious userspace processes to escalate their privileges in a practical way.

Impact Analysis

The vulnerability can lead to privilege escalation, meaning a malicious userspace process could gain higher privileges than intended. This can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the system.

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