CVE-2026-31715
Modified Modified - Updated After Analysis
Use-After-Free in F2FS Linux Kernel

Publication date: 2026-05-01

Last updated on: 2026-05-17

Assigner: kernel.org

Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix UAF caused by decrementing sbi->nr_pages[] in f2fs_write_end_io() The xfstests case "generic/107" and syzbot have both reported a NULL pointer dereference. The concurrent scenario that triggers the panic is as follows: F2FS_WB_CP_DATA write callback umount - f2fs_write_checkpoint - f2fs_wait_on_all_pages(sbi, F2FS_WB_CP_DATA) - blk_mq_end_request - bio_endio - f2fs_write_end_io : dec_page_count(sbi, F2FS_WB_CP_DATA) : wake_up(&sbi->cp_wait) - kill_f2fs_super - kill_block_super - f2fs_put_super : iput(sbi->node_inode) : sbi->node_inode = NULL : f2fs_in_warm_node_list - is_node_folio // sbi->node_inode is NULL and panic The root cause is that f2fs_put_super() calls iput(sbi->node_inode) and sets sbi->node_inode to NULL after sbi->nr_pages[F2FS_WB_CP_DATA] is decremented to zero. As a result, f2fs_in_warm_node_list() may dereference a NULL node_inode when checking whether a folio belongs to the node inode, leading to a panic. This patch fixes the issue by calling f2fs_in_warm_node_list() before decrementing sbi->nr_pages[F2FS_WB_CP_DATA], thus preventing the use-after-free condition.
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Meta Information
Published
2026-05-01
Last Modified
2026-05-17
Generated
2026-06-16
AI Q&A
2026-05-01
EPSS Evaluated
2026-06-14
NVD
CVE-2026-31715
EUVD
EUVD-2026-26524
Affected Vendors & Products
Showing 3 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
linux linux_kernel 7.1
linux linux_kernel From 6.19 (inc) to 7.0.2 (exc)
linux linux_kernel From 4.19 (inc) to 6.18.25 (exc)
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Exploitability
CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-416 The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
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Executive Summary

This vulnerability is a use-after-free (UAF) issue in the Linux kernel's f2fs filesystem. It occurs because the function f2fs_put_super() calls iput() on sbi->node_inode and then sets sbi->node_inode to NULL after decrementing sbi->nr_pages[F2FS_WB_CP_DATA] to zero. Subsequently, the function f2fs_in_warm_node_list() may attempt to dereference this now NULL node_inode pointer, leading to a kernel panic.

The problem arises in a concurrent scenario involving write callbacks and unmount operations, where the order of operations causes the use-after-free condition. The fix involves changing the order of operations by calling f2fs_in_warm_node_list() before decrementing sbi->nr_pages[F2FS_WB_CP_DATA], preventing the NULL pointer dereference.

Impact Analysis

This vulnerability can cause the Linux kernel to panic due to a NULL pointer dereference, leading to a system crash. Such a crash can result in denial of service, data loss, or system instability, especially on systems using the f2fs filesystem.

Mitigation Strategies

The vulnerability is fixed by a patch that changes the order of operations in the f2fs filesystem code to prevent a use-after-free condition. Immediate mitigation involves updating the Linux kernel to a version that includes this fix.

  • Apply the patch or upgrade to a Linux kernel version released after 2026-05-01 that contains the fix for the f2fs use-after-free issue.
  • Avoid unmounting f2fs filesystems during heavy write operations until the fix is applied, as the panic occurs during concurrent write and unmount operations.
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