CVE-2026-45322
Microsoft UFO OS Command Injection Vulnerability
Publication date: 2026-05-27
Last updated on: 2026-05-27
Assigner: GitHub, Inc.
Description
Description
CVSS Scores
EPSS Scores
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Meta Information
Affected Vendors & Products
| Vendor | Product | Version / Range |
|---|---|---|
| microsoft | ufo | to 3.0.0 (inc) |
Helpful Resources
Exploitability
| CWE ID | Description |
|---|---|
| CWE-78 | The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component. |
Attack-Flow Graph
AI Powered Q&A
Can you explain this vulnerability to me?
This vulnerability exists in the Microsoft UFO open-source framework for intelligent automation. Specifically, in versions up to and including v3.0.0, there is an OS command injection flaw in the shell action replay path. The ShellReceiver.run_shell() method passes command strings from action parameters directly to subprocess.Popen() with shell=True and executable set to powershell.exe, allowing shell commands to be executed. An attacker who can write or modify session or action JSON files can insert malicious shell commands. When the session is resumed or replayed, these commands are executed with the privileges of the UFO process user.
How can this vulnerability impact me? :
This vulnerability can have severe impacts because it allows an attacker with the ability to modify session or action JSON files to execute arbitrary commands on the affected system. This can lead to full compromise of the system running the UFO process, including unauthorized access, data modification, and disruption of services. The CVSS score of 7.8 indicates a high severity with potential for high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts.
How can this vulnerability be detected on my network or system? Can you suggest some commands?
This vulnerability involves the Microsoft UFO framework executing shell commands from session/action JSON files. Detection would involve inspecting these JSON files for unexpected or malicious shell commands.
Since the vulnerability is triggered when UFO resumes or replays sessions containing attacker-planted shell actions, monitoring or auditing the contents of per-session JSON records for suspicious shell commands is key.
No specific commands or network detection methods are provided in the available information.
What immediate steps should I take to mitigate this vulnerability?
Immediate mitigation should focus on preventing unauthorized modification or creation of session/action JSON files that UFO uses to execute shell commands.
Restrict write permissions to these JSON files to trusted users only, and audit existing session files for suspicious commands.
Additionally, avoid resuming or replaying sessions from untrusted sources until a patched version of Microsoft UFO is available.