CVE-2026-42980

Analyzed Analyzed - Analysis Complete

Integer Underflow in Windows NT OS Kernel Leads to Privilege Escalation

Publication date: 2026-06-09

Last updated on: 2026-06-11

Assigner: Microsoft Corporation

Description

Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows NT OS Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

CVSS Scores

EPSS Scores

Probability:
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Meta Information

Published

2026-06-09

Last Modified

2026-06-11

Generated

2026-06-30

AI Q&A

2026-06-09

EPSS Evaluated

2026-06-28

NVD

CVE-2026-42980

EUVD

EUVD-2026-35598

Affected Vendors & Products

Vendor	Product	Version / Range
microsoft	windows_server_2012	r2
microsoft	windows_server_2012	*
microsoft	windows_10_1607	to 10.0.14393.9234 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_1607	to 10.0.14393.9234 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_1809	to 10.0.17763.8880 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_1809	to 10.0.17763.8880 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_21h2	to 10.0.19044.7417 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_21h2	to 10.0.19044.7417 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_21h2	to 10.0.19044.7417 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_22h2	to 10.0.19045.7417 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_22h2	to 10.0.19045.7417 (exc)
microsoft	windows_10_22h2	to 10.0.19045.7417 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_23h2	to 10.0.22631.7219 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_23h2	to 10.0.22631.7219 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_24h2	to 10.0.26100.8655 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_24h2	to 10.0.26100.8655 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_25h2	to 10.0.26200.8655 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_25h2	to 10.0.26200.8655 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_26h1	to 10.0.28000.2269 (exc)
microsoft	windows_11_26h1	to 10.0.28000.2269 (exc)
microsoft	windows_server_2016	to 10.0.14393.9234 (exc)
microsoft	windows_server_2019	to 10.0.17763.8880 (exc)
microsoft	windows_server_2022	to 10.0.20348.5256 (exc)
microsoft	windows_server_2025	to 10.0.26100.32995 (exc)

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE

KEV

CWE ID	Description
CWE-191	The product subtracts one value from another, such that the result is less than the minimum allowable integer value, which produces a value that is not equal to the correct result.
CWE-122	A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

Attack-Flow Graph

Executive Summary

This vulnerability is an integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in the Windows NT OS Kernel. It allows an authorized attacker to elevate their privileges locally on the affected system.

Impact Analysis

The impact of this vulnerability is elevation of privilege, meaning an attacker who already has some level of access can gain higher privileges, potentially leading to full control over the affected system.

Mitigation Strategies

To mitigate this vulnerability, apply the security updates provided by Microsoft for the Windows NT OS Kernel as soon as they become available.

Since the vulnerability allows local privilege escalation, ensure that only trusted users have local access to the affected systems.

Compliance Impact

The vulnerability allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally by exploiting an integer underflow in the Windows NT OS Kernel.

Such elevation of privilege vulnerabilities can potentially lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data or system functions, which may impact compliance with standards and regulations like GDPR and HIPAA that require strict access controls and protection of personal or health information.

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