Authorization Bypass in Capgo Device Creation

Executive Summary

This vulnerability exists in Capgo versions before 12.128.2 and involves an authorization flaw in the POST /private/create_device endpoint. The flaw allows an authenticated attacker to supply an org_id parameter that is not validated against the target application's owner organization. As a result, attackers can create device records for applications using organization identifiers that do not belong to them, effectively bypassing the intended authorization boundaries between organizations and applications.

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Detection Guidance

This vulnerability can be detected by monitoring and analyzing requests to the POST /private/create_device endpoint for suspicious org_id parameters that do not match the expected organization of the target app.

Since both legitimate and foreign org_id requests return 200 OK responses, detection requires inspecting the org_id values supplied in the requests and verifying if they correspond to the actual owner organization of the app_id.

Suggested commands include capturing and filtering HTTP POST requests to /private/create_device and checking the org_id parameter against known valid organization IDs for the app.

• Use network traffic capture tools like tcpdump or Wireshark to capture POST requests to /private/create_device.
• Example tcpdump command: tcpdump -A -s 0 'tcp port 80 or tcp port 443' | grep -i 'POST /private/create_device'
• Use curl or similar tools to manually test the endpoint with different org_id values and observe responses.
• Check application logs for POST /private/create_device requests and verify if org_id matches the app's owner organization.

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Impact Analysis

The impact of this vulnerability is that an authenticated attacker can create device records for applications belonging to other organizations. This unauthorized access can lead to data integrity issues, unauthorized manipulation of application data, and potential misuse of devices associated with foreign organizations. It compromises the security boundary between organizations, potentially leading to further exploitation or unauthorized actions within the affected system.

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Compliance Impact

The vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to bypass authorization boundaries and create device records for applications under foreign organizations. This improper authorization could lead to unauthorized access and manipulation of device telemetry, analytics, auditing, or billing data.

Such unauthorized data creation and access may impact compliance with standards and regulations like GDPR and HIPAA, which require strict controls over data access, integrity, and auditability to protect personal and sensitive information.

By allowing data to be created or modified outside the legitimate organizational scope, the flaw could undermine data integrity and accountability, potentially leading to violations of these regulatory requirements.

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Mitigation Strategies

Immediate mitigation steps include restricting access to the POST /private/create_device endpoint to only trusted and authenticated users with proper authorization.

Validate and enforce that the org_id parameter supplied in requests matches the actual owner organization of the target app before allowing device creation.

If possible, apply the vendor-provided patch or upgrade Capgo to version 12.128.2 or later, where this authorization flaw is fixed.

Monitor logs and alerts for suspicious activity related to device creation with foreign org_id values.

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