Server-Side Validation Bypass in Capgo

Executive Summary

This vulnerability exists in Capgo versions before 12.128.2 and involves a server-side validation bypass in the organization security settings.

Authenticated organization administrators can exploit this issue by directly updating the public.orgs database table from the browser, which allows them to circumvent backend validation checks.

This bypass affects field-level validation for security-sensitive parameters such as max_apikey_expiration_days, enabling the persistence of invalid security policy states.

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Detection Guidance

This vulnerability involves authenticated organization administrators bypassing server-side validation by directly updating the public.orgs table via the browser, which allows invalid security policy states to be persisted.

Detection can focus on monitoring for unusual or unauthorized direct updates to the public.orgs table, especially changes to fields like max_apikey_expiration_days, enforce_hashed_api_keys, enforce_encrypted_bundles, and required_encryption_key that do not conform to expected validation rules.

Since the vulnerability exploits direct browser-side REST API calls to Supabase, network monitoring tools could be used to detect suspicious REST API requests that update organization settings bypassing the official backend endpoint.

Suggested commands or approaches include querying the database directly to check for invalid values in the public.orgs table, for example:

• SQL query to find invalid max_apikey_expiration_days values: SELECT * FROM public.orgs WHERE max_apikey_expiration_days < 0 OR max_apikey_expiration_days IS NULL;
• Audit logs or API gateway logs can be searched for direct REST API calls to the public.orgs table that bypass the backend /organization endpoint.
• Use network packet capture tools (e.g., tcpdump, Wireshark) to monitor for REST API calls from browsers that update organization settings directly.

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Impact Analysis

The vulnerability allows attackers with authenticated organization admin privileges to bypass security policy validations and persist invalid or weakened security configurations.

This can lead to reduced security controls, such as improperly configured API key expiration settings, potentially increasing the risk of unauthorized access or prolonged exposure.

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Compliance Impact

The vulnerability allows authenticated organization administrators to bypass server-side validation and persist invalid security policy states in Capgo. This can lead to inconsistent enforcement of security-sensitive configurations such as API key expiration and encryption requirements.

Such inconsistencies and weakened security controls may increase the risk of unauthorized access or data exposure, which could negatively impact compliance with common standards and regulations like GDPR and HIPAA that require strict enforcement of security policies to protect sensitive data.

However, the provided information does not explicitly detail the direct impact on compliance frameworks.

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Mitigation Strategies

The primary mitigation is to upgrade Capgo to version 12.128.2 or later, where this server-side validation bypass vulnerability has been patched.

Until the upgrade is applied, restrict authenticated organization administrators' ability to update security-sensitive fields directly via the browser or REST API.

Implement additional monitoring and alerting on changes to the public.orgs table to detect and respond to invalid security policy states.

Review and tighten access controls to ensure only authorized users can perform organization security settings updates.

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