CVE-2026-55084
Deferred Deferred - Pending Action

Error-Based SQL Injection in DHIS2 SqlView API

Publication date: 2026-07-21

Last updated on: 2026-07-21

Assigner: GitHub, Inc.

Description
DHIS2 is a flexible information system for data capture, management, validation, analytics and visualization. A SQL injection vulnerability was identified in the SqlView API endpoint of the DHIS2 application in the `filter` parameter used by the `/api/sqlViews/{viewId}/data.json` endpoint. An authenticated user with access to a SqlView can inject arbitrary SQL queries inside the `filter` parameter by abusing an expression executed by PostgreSQL and its output is reflected inside the application error message. This behavior enables attackers to extract arbitrary database content using error-based SQL injection. Affected versions include: 2.37, 2.38, 2.39, 2.40.x before 2.40.11.1/2.40.12, 2.41.x before 2.41.8.2, 2.42.x before 2.42.5.1, 2.43.0 before 2.43.0.1, 2.44 development branch before PR #24162 Patched versions include: 2.37-EOS (2026-06-09), 2.38-EOS (2026-06-09), 2.39-EOS (2026-06-09), 2.40.11.1, 2.40.12, 2.41.8.2, 2.42.5.1, 2.43.0.1, 2.44 development branch after PR #24162

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Meta Information

Published
2026-07-21
Last Modified
2026-07-21
Generated
2026-07-22
AI Q&A
2026-07-21
EPSS Evaluated
N/A
NVD
CVE-2026-55084
EUVD
EUVD-2026-46360

Affected Vendors & Products

Showing 8 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
dhis2 dhis2 2.37
dhis2 dhis2 2.38
dhis2 dhis2 2.39
dhis2 dhis2 to 2.40.11.1 (exc)
dhis2 dhis2 to 2.41.8.2 (exc)
dhis2 dhis2 to 2.42.5.1 (exc)
dhis2 dhis2 to 2.43.0.1 (exc)
dhis2 dhis2 to PR_24162 (exc)

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-89 The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.

Attack-Flow Graph

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Executive Summary

This is a SQL injection vulnerability in DHIS2's SqlView API endpoint. It allows authenticated users with access to a SqlView to inject malicious SQL queries through the filter parameter in the /api/sqlViews/{viewId}/data.json endpoint. The attack abuses PostgreSQL's expression handling to extract database content via error-based SQL injection, reflected in application error messages.

Detection Guidance

To detect this vulnerability, monitor for unusual SQL errors in DHIS2 application logs, particularly errors from the /api/sqlViews/{viewId}/data.json endpoint. Check for error-based SQL injection patterns like unterminated quotes or SQL keywords in filter parameters. Use network traffic analysis tools to inspect GET requests to this endpoint for suspicious filter values containing SQL syntax.

Impact Analysis

An attacker could exploit this to read sensitive data from the DHIS2 database, potentially including user credentials, personal information, or other confidential data. The attack requires only authenticated access to a SqlView endpoint and does not need administrative privileges.

Compliance Impact

This vulnerability could lead to unauthorized data access, violating GDPR's data protection principles and HIPAA's security requirements for protected health information. Organizations using affected DHIS2 versions may face compliance breaches if exploited.

Mitigation Strategies

Immediately upgrade DHIS2 to a patched version (2.40.11.1, 2.40.12, 2.41.8.2, 2.42.5.1, 2.43.0.1, or later). If upgrading is not possible, restrict access to the SqlView API endpoint by modifying firewall rules or application-level access controls. Disable or remove any SqlView endpoints if not required for operations.

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