Unrestricted File Upload in Cockpit CMS

Executive Summary

This is an unrestricted file upload vulnerability in Cockpit CMS 2.6.0. Authenticated users can upload files with any extension, including PHP scripts, through the asset upload endpoint. The system's default configuration allows all file types, and uploaded files are stored in a directory accessible via the web. This enables attackers to upload malicious PHP files like webshells and execute arbitrary commands on the server.

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Detection Guidance

Check for unexpected PHP files in web-accessible directories, particularly in Cockpit CMS asset upload folders. Review server logs for uploads of non-standard file types. Use commands like 'find /path/to/webroot -name "*.php" -type f' to locate PHP files in upload directories.

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Impact Analysis

An attacker with any authenticated account could exploit this to upload and execute malicious PHP scripts. This could lead to full server compromise, data theft, unauthorized access, or further network infiltration. The impact includes potential loss of sensitive data, system downtime, and compliance violations.

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Compliance Impact

This vulnerability could lead to unauthorized access and data breaches, violating GDPR's data protection requirements and HIPAA's security rules. Organizations may face fines, legal penalties, and reputational damage due to non-compliance with these regulations.

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Mitigation Strategies

Disable wildcard uploads in Cockpit CMS configuration by setting allowed_uploads to specific safe extensions. Restrict file upload permissions to prevent execution of uploaded scripts. Update Cockpit CMS to the latest version if available. Monitor for unauthorized file uploads and remove any suspicious files immediately.

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