CVE-2026-45197
Received Received - Intake

GPU Memory Access Vulnerability in Guest VM Firmware

Publication date: 2026-09-04

Last updated on: 2026-09-04

Assigner: imaginationtech

Description
Kernel software installed and running inside a Guest VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a read and/or write data outside the Guest's virtualised GPU memory. The firmware uses data provided by the Guest VM to set up accesses to memory. It validated this before use, but a TOCTOU bug was present which allowed the earlier check results to be invalidated.

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Meta Information

Published
2026-09-04
Last Modified
2026-09-04
Generated
2026-09-04
AI Q&A
2026-09-04
EPSS Evaluated
N/A
NVD
CVE-2026-45197
EUVD
EUVD-2026-70858

Affected Vendors & Products

Currently, no data is known.

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-367 The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.

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Executive Summary

This vulnerability involves kernel software in a Guest VM sending improper commands to GPU firmware, causing it to read or write data outside the VM's allocated GPU memory. A TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) bug allows the firmware's earlier validation checks to be bypassed, enabling unauthorized memory access.

Detection Guidance

Detection of this vulnerability requires inspecting GPU firmware interactions and memory access patterns within virtualized environments. Monitor GPU command queues for unauthorized memory access attempts and validate firmware logs for TOCTOU-related anomalies. Use hypervisor-specific tools to track VM-to-firmware communication.

Impact Analysis

An attacker in a Guest VM could exploit this to access sensitive data or manipulate GPU operations, potentially leading to system instability, data leaks, or unauthorized privilege escalation in the host environment.

Compliance Impact

This vulnerability could violate data protection requirements under GDPR or HIPAA by enabling unauthorized access to sensitive data. Organizations may face compliance violations, legal penalties, or reputational damage if exploited.

Mitigation Strategies

Update GPU firmware and drivers to the latest versions provided by the vendor to address the TOCTOU bug. Disable GPU passthrough if not required and monitor for suspicious GPU command activity.

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