CVE-2026-45197

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BaseFortify

Publication date: 2026-09-04

Last updated on: 2026-09-08

Assigner: imaginationtech

Description

Kernel software installed and running inside a Guest VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a read and/or write data outside the Guest's virtualised GPU memory. The firmware uses data provided by the Guest VM to set up accesses to memory. It validated this before use, but a TOCTOU bug was present which allowed the earlier check results to be invalidated.

CVSS Scores

EPSS Scores

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Meta Information

Published

2026-09-04

Last Modified

2026-09-08

Generated

2026-10-14

AI Q&A

2026-09-04

EPSS Evaluated

2026-10-13

NVD

CVE-2026-45197

EUVD

EUVD-2026-70858

Affected Vendors & Products

Vendor	Product	Version / Range
Imagination	Technologies	Graphics DDK 1.18 RTM2
Imagination	Technologies	Graphics DDK 23.2 RTM2
Imagination	Technologies	Graphics DDK 24.2 RTM2
Imagination	Technologies	Graphics DDK 25.1 RTM2
Imagination	Technologies	Graphics DDK 26.1 RTM1

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE

KEV

CWE ID	Description
CWE-367	The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.

Attack-Flow Graph

Executive Summary

This vulnerability involves kernel software in a Guest VM sending improper commands to GPU firmware, causing it to read or write data outside the VM's allocated GPU memory. A TOCTOU (Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use) bug allows the firmware's earlier validation checks to be bypassed, enabling unauthorized memory access.

Detection Guidance

Detection of this vulnerability requires inspecting GPU firmware interactions and memory access patterns within virtualized environments. Monitor GPU command queues for unauthorized memory access attempts and validate firmware logs for TOCTOU-related anomalies. Use hypervisor-specific tools to track VM-to-firmware communication.

Impact Analysis

An attacker in a Guest VM could exploit this to access sensitive data or manipulate GPU operations, potentially leading to system instability, data leaks, or unauthorized privilege escalation in the host environment.

Compliance Impact

This vulnerability could violate data protection requirements under GDPR or HIPAA by enabling unauthorized access to sensitive data. Organizations may face compliance violations, legal penalties, or reputational damage if exploited.

Mitigation Strategies

Update GPU firmware and drivers to the latest versions provided by the vendor to address the TOCTOU bug. Disable GPU passthrough if not required and monitor for suspicious GPU command activity.

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