CVE-2026-108954
Received Received - Intake

Buffer Overflow in Sherpa-ONNX Offline Transducer Greedy Search Decoder

Publication date: 2026-10-13

Last updated on: 2026-10-13

Assigner: VulDB

Description
A vulnerability was found in k2-fsa sherpa-onnx up to 1.13.8. This issue affects the function OfflineTransducerGreedySearchDecoder::Decode of the file sherpa-onnx/csrc/offline-transducer-greedy-search-decoder.cc of the component Offline Transducer Greedy Search Decoder. The manipulation of the argument vocab_size results in buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. If only official model packs are used and they always keep metadata consistent with the joiner, the bug may not be reachable in normal supported usage. However, from a security and robustness standpoint, the code still contains the vulnerability because it trusts unvalidated model metadata and can be triggered by a malformed or tampered model pack.

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Meta Information

Published
2026-10-13
Last Modified
2026-10-13
Generated
2026-10-13
AI Q&A
2026-10-13
EPSS Evaluated
N/A
NVD
CVE-2026-108954
EUVD
EUVD-2026-98232

Affected Vendors & Products

Showing 9 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.0
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.1
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.2
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.3
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.4
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.5
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.6
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.7
k2-fsa sherpa-onnx 1.13.8

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-119 The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
CWE-120 The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.

Attack-Flow Graph

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Executive Summary

CVE-2026-108954 is a heap-based buffer overflow in the offline transducer greedy search decoder of sherpa-onnx versions up to v1.13.8. The vulnerability occurs because the decoder trusts the vocab_size metadata in decoder.onnx without validating it against the actual output width of joiner.onnx. This leads to incorrect buffer sizing and out-of-bounds memory access during processing.

Detection Guidance

To detect this vulnerability, inspect sherpa-onnx model packs for inconsistent metadata between decoder.onnx and joiner.onnx. Check if vocab_size in decoder.onnx exceeds the output width of joiner.onnx. Use tools like strings or ONNX model inspectors to examine these files.

Impact Analysis

This vulnerability can cause crashes when processing crafted model packs, leading to denial of service. In non-instrumented builds, it may result in silent heap corruption, potentially allowing arbitrary code execution. The impact depends on how the library is used in applications.

Compliance Impact

The vulnerability could potentially lead to unauthorized data access or corruption due to heap-based buffer overflow, which may violate data integrity and confidentiality requirements under GDPR and HIPAA. However, the provided context does not explicitly detail compliance impacts.

Mitigation Strategies

Upgrade to a patched version of sherpa-onnx beyond v1.13.8. Avoid using untrusted or modified model packs. Validate metadata consistency between decoder.onnx and joiner.onnx before deployment. Monitor for crashes or memory corruption in applications using sherpa-onnx.

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