CVE-2026-106547

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BaseFortify

Publication date: 2026-10-06

Last updated on: 2026-10-07

Assigner: HDFG

Description

A heap-based buffer overflow in H5VM_array_fill() in src/H5VM.c in HDF5 before 2.2.0 lets a remote attacker cause an application crash and possibly execute arbitrary code with a crafted HDF5 file. When a dataset's unallocated chunks are read, H5D__fill_init() fills the fill-value buffer from datatype and dataspace metadata in the file. If that metadata is inconsistent with the buffer's allocated size, the write goes past the end of the buffer. The attacker can control the content written through the fill value stored in the file.

CVSS Scores

EPSS Scores

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Meta Information

Published

2026-10-06

Last Modified

2026-10-07

Generated

2026-10-19

AI Q&A

2026-10-07

EPSS Evaluated

2026-10-18

NVD

CVE-2026-106547

Affected Vendors & Products

Vendor	Product	Version / Range
The	HDF	Group HDF5 1.10.0

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE

KEV

CWE ID	Description
CWE-122	A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

Attack-Flow Graph

Executive Summary

This is a heap-based buffer overflow in the HDF5 library's H5VM_array_fill() function. It occurs when reading unallocated chunks of a dataset in a crafted HDF5 file. The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to cause an application crash and potentially execute arbitrary code by exploiting inconsistent metadata that causes a buffer write to exceed its allocated size.

Detection Guidance

This vulnerability can be detected by checking the HDF5 version installed on your system. If it is earlier than 2.2.0, it is vulnerable. Use commands like 'h5cc --version' or 'h5dump --version' to check the version. Additionally, monitor for crashes when processing HDF5 files, as this may indicate exploitation.

Impact Analysis

An attacker could exploit this to crash applications using HDF5 or run malicious code on your system by tricking you into opening a specially crafted HDF5 file. This could lead to data loss, system compromise, or unauthorized access depending on the application's privileges.

Compliance Impact

This vulnerability could lead to unauthorized code execution or data corruption when processing crafted HDF5 files. For GDPR, it may risk unauthorized access to personal data if exploited. For HIPAA, it could compromise protected health information integrity if exploited in healthcare systems.

Mitigation Strategies

Upgrade HDF5 to version 2.2.0 or later to address the heap-based buffer overflow in H5VM_array_fill(). Avoid opening untrusted HDF5 files until patched.

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