Heap-based Out-of-Bounds Read in LibRaw

Executive Summary

LibRaw through version 0.22.2 has a heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the LibRaw::parseNikonMakernote() function. This flaw allows attackers to read memory beyond a short ShotInfo buffer by providing a specially crafted Nikon NEF/TIFF image file with a 5-byte ShotInfo tag declaring version 243, which can crash applications processing the image.

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Detection Guidance

This vulnerability involves a heap-based out-of-bounds read in LibRaw's Nikon makernote parsing. Detection requires checking for vulnerable LibRaw versions (through 0.22.2) and scanning for malformed Nikon NEF/TIFF files with a 5-byte ShotInfo tag declaring version 243. Use tools like 'identify' from ImageMagick or 'exiftool' to inspect image metadata for inconsistencies.

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Impact Analysis

This vulnerability could allow attackers to crash applications that use LibRaw to process Nikon NEF/TIFF images. If exploited, it may lead to denial-of-service conditions or potentially unauthorized memory access, though it does not directly enable code execution or data theft.

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Compliance Impact

This vulnerability does not directly affect compliance with GDPR, HIPAA, or similar standards. It is a heap-based out-of-bounds read issue in LibRaw that could allow attackers to read past a short ShotInfo buffer in crafted Nikon NEF/TIFF images. Compliance impacts would depend on how the affected software is used in systems handling regulated data.

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Mitigation Strategies

Update LibRaw to version 0.22.3 or later to address the heap-based out-of-bounds read vulnerability in LibRaw::parseNikonMakernote().

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