CVE-2026-115911
Received Received - Intake

vLLM Chat Template Rendering Denial of Service

Vulnerability report for CVE-2026-115911, including description, CVSS score, EPSS score, affected products, exploitability, helpful resources, and attack-flow context.

Publication date: 2026-10-26

Last updated on: 2026-10-26

Assigner: GitHub, Inc.

Description

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models. From 0.19.0 until 0.32.0, authenticated callers can supply a request chat template when no server-side --chat-template is configured, or a malicious model repository can provide a template that is compiled and rendered by tokenizer.apply_chat_template() without a wall-clock timeout, output-size limit, or iteration bound. Rendering runs in a ThreadPoolExecutor with one worker by default, so a nonterminating render can block /v1/responses and other chat-template users after the request ends, while an output-expanding render can exhaust server memory. Harmony models are not affected because they do not use this Jinja path. This issue is fixed in version 0.32.0.

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Meta Information

Published
2026-10-26
Last Modified
2026-10-26
Generated
2026-10-26
AI Q&A
2026-10-26
EPSS Evaluated
N/A
NVD
EUVD

Affected Vendors & Products

Showing 1 associated CPE
Vendor Product Version / Range
vllm-project vllm >= 0.19.0, < 0.32.0

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-400 The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
CWE-770 The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
CWE-834 The product performs an iteration or loop without sufficiently limiting the number of times that the loop is executed.

Attack-Flow Graph

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Executive Summary

This is a denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability in vLLM versions 0.19.0 to 0.32.0. Authenticated users or malicious model repositories can provide a chat template that triggers unbounded Jinja2 template rendering. This consumes excessive CPU resources or memory, blocking API endpoints like /v1/responses for all users until the process restarts.

Detection Guidance

Monitor for unusually high CPU or memory usage on vLLM servers, particularly during chat template rendering. Check logs for requests to /v1/responses or /v1/chat/completions endpoints with malformed or complex templates. Use system monitoring tools like top, htop, or ps to identify processes consuming excessive resources.

Impact Analysis

The vulnerability can cause system slowdowns or crashes by exhausting CPU or memory resources. It may lead to permanent unavailability of chat-style API endpoints for all users until the server restarts. Attackers could exploit this to disrupt services.

Mitigation Strategies

Upgrade vLLM to version 0.32.0 or later. Disable user-supplied chat templates if not required. Set a timeout for template rendering using VLLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_RENDER_TIMEOUT. Limit the number of workers in the renderer pool to reduce resource exhaustion risk.

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