CVE-2026-124278
Received Received - Intake

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Vulnerability report for CVE-2026-124278, including description, CVSS score, EPSS score, affected products, exploitability, helpful resources, and attack-flow context.

Publication date: 2026-11-13

Last updated on: 2026-11-13

Assigner: EEF

Description

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in elixir-grpc grpc_server and grpc allows an attacker to make a handler act on a resource other than the one named in the URL of an HTTP-transcoded route, via a request with a gRPC Content-Type. Only the transcoding clause of GRPC.Server.do_handle_request/4 (grpc_server/lib/grpc/server.ex, and lib/grpc/server.ex before the package split) applies the route's path bindings to the request message. The Cowboy handler picks that clause from the request Content-Type, not from the route. A request to a transcoded URL with application/grpc or application/grpc-web is decoded from the body alone, so every path-bound field takes its value from the body. A gateway, proxy rule or WAF that authorizes on the URL path sees one resource while the handler receives another. This issue affects grpc_server: from 1.0.0 before 1.1.0; grpc: from 0.8.0 before 1.0.0.

CVSS Scores

EPSS Scores

Probability:
Percentile:

Meta Information

Published
2026-11-13
Last Modified
2026-11-13
Generated
2026-11-13
AI Q&A
2026-11-13
EPSS Evaluated
N/A
NVD
EUVD

Affected Vendors & Products

Showing 2 associated CPEs
Vendor Product Version / Range
elixir-grpc grpc_server From 1.0.0 (inc) to 1.1.0 (exc)
elixir-grpc grpc From 0.8.0 (inc) to 1.0.0 (exc)

Helpful Resources

Exploitability

CWE
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KEV
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CWE ID Description
CWE-436 Product A handles inputs or steps differently than Product B, which causes A to perform incorrect actions based on its perception of B's state.
CWE-639 The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.

Attack-Flow Graph

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Executive Summary

CVE-2026-124278 is an Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in elixir-grpc's grpc_server and grpc packages. It allows attackers to manipulate gRPC Content-Type headers to bypass path-based authorization checks. When HTTP-to-gRPC transcoding is enabled, the server ignores URL path bindings and decodes requests solely from the message body. This lets attackers send a request to /v1/messages/alice but set the message field to victim, causing the handler to process the wrong resource.

Detection Guidance

To detect this vulnerability, inspect HTTP/gRPC traffic for requests with Content-Type headers like application/grpc or application/grpc-web targeting transcoded routes. Check if path bindings in URLs are ignored and if request bodies contain fields that override URL path values. Use network monitoring tools to capture and analyze gRPC traffic for unauthorized resource access attempts.

Impact Analysis

This vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access or modification of data. If authorization relies on URL paths, attackers could access or alter resources belonging to other users, such as tenant information. The impact includes data breaches, privilege escalation, or service disruption. The attack requires low complexity and no user interaction, making it easier to exploit.

Compliance Impact

This vulnerability could lead to non-compliance with GDPR, HIPAA, or other regulations that require strict access controls and data protection. Unauthorized access to sensitive data may result in violations of confidentiality requirements, leading to legal penalties, reputational damage, and loss of trust. Organizations using affected versions must patch immediately to maintain compliance.

Mitigation Strategies

Immediately upgrade affected packages to patched versions: grpc_server >= 1.1.0 and grpc >= 1.0.0. Disable HTTP-to-gRPC transcoding if not required. Implement strict input validation for gRPC requests to ensure path bindings are enforced. Review and update WAF, proxy, or gateway rules to validate both URL paths and request bodies.

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